辅助喷嘴结构参数对自由射流噪声的影响
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1.武汉纺织大学 湖北省数字化纺织装备重点实验室;2.武汉纺织大学 机械工程与自动化学院;3.山东日发纺织机械有限公司

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TS 103.3

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山东省重点研发项目(2024CXGC010215) 国家自然科学基金(51505344)


Influence of Auxiliary Nozzle Structural Parameters on Free Jet Noise
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1.Wuhan Textile University,Hubei Three-Dimensional Textile Digital Engineering Research Center;2.Wuhan Textile University,School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation;3.Shandong Rifa Textile Machinery Co., Ltd.

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    摘要:

    为降低喷气织机辅助喷嘴自由射流噪声,并阐明出口孔型对射流流场与声辐射特性的影响,在保持辅助喷嘴主体结构和供气条件一致的基础上,设计了六孔中心阵列和十五孔圆周阵列两种多孔辅助喷嘴。基于大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation,LES)计算三维射流近场速度和压力脉动分布;采用Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H)声学类比方程预测远场不同观测角度下的声压级(Sound Pressure Level,SPL)频谱和指向性,并通过传声器阵列试验进行验证;进一步采用动力学模态分解(Dynamic Mode Decomposition,DMD)提取主导相干结构,分析孔型差异引起的噪声生成机理。结果表明,六孔中心阵列喷口峰值速度较高、势核较长,射流集中性较强;十五孔圆周阵列可增强多股细射流之间的干涉与混合,使下游中心线速度衰减更缓,并降低大尺度相干结构对远场声辐射的贡献。在相同观测距离下,十五孔辅助喷嘴的频谱峰值声压级为98 dB,对比六孔辅助喷嘴的107 dB降低9 dB;在100 mm观测距离下,十五孔辅助喷嘴的总声压级较六孔辅助喷嘴平均降低约15 dB。研究结果可为喷气织机辅助喷嘴低噪声结构设计提供参考。

    Abstract:

    To reduce the free-jet noise of auxiliary nozzles in air-jet looms and clarify the influence of outlet-hole arrangement on jet flow and acoustic radiation, two multi-hole auxiliary nozzles, namely a six-hole central array and a fifteen-hole circumferential array, were designed while keeping the main nozzle body and supply condition consistent. Large eddy simulation (LES) was used to obtain the near-field velocity and pressure-fluctuation distributions of the three-dimensional jets. The Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy was then employed to predict the sound pressure level (SPL) spectra and directivity at different far-field observation angles, and the predictions were validated by a microphone-array experiment. Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) was further applied to extract the dominant coherent structures and reveal the noise-generation mechanism associated with different outlet-hole arrangements. The results show that the six-hole central array has a higher exit peak velocity, a longer potential core, and stronger jet concentration, whereas the fifteen-hole circumferential array enhances the interaction and mixing among multiple fine jets, slows down the decay of the downstream centerline velocity, and reduces the contribution of large-scale coherent structures to far-field acoustic radiation. At the same observation distance, the spectral peak SPL of the fifteen-hole auxiliary nozzle is 98 dB, which is 9 dB lower than that of the six-hole auxiliary nozzle (107 dB). At an observation distance of 100 mm, the overall SPL of the fifteen-hole auxiliary nozzle is reduced by approximately 15 dB compared with that of the six-hole auxiliary nozzle. The results provide a reference for the low-noise structural design of auxiliary nozzles in air-jet looms.

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沈敏,徐海涛,陈昊,等. 辅助喷嘴结构参数对自由射流噪声的影响[J]. 科学技术与工程, , ():

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  • 收稿日期:2026-05-19
  • 最后修改日期:2026-07-20
  • 录用日期:2026-08-25
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