To address the slow oscillation decay in weak networks caused by weak damping characteristics in existing fusion strategies that only apply weighting at the modulation wave level, this paper proposes a dynamic damping enhancement control strategy based on “angle-modulation” multidimensional fusion. First, a virtual phase lead correction loop is introduced by incorporating a differential component into the phase-locked loop, mechanistically compensating for phase lag and actively injecting dynamic damping. Second, based on small-signal linearization theory, a sequence impedance model incorporating fusion weights is established. This reveals the phase lag characteristics caused by the virtual inertia integration effect in the grid-forming synchronization mechanism and the damping enhancement mechanism of the proposed strategy. Third, based on global phase margin analysis, robust operating coefficients for weight allocation are established to achieve complementary advantages in grid-following and grid-forming characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate that this strategy achieves stable system operation across a wide range of short-circuit ratios from 1 to 12. Under global impedance limit step conditions, it effectively overcomes underdamped oscillations, enabling rapid convergence of frequency and power. Its effectiveness in enhancing dynamic performance within complex grid environments is validated.