Abstract:In view of the characteristics of coal mines in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia, such as large coal seam burial depth, large thickness, hard roof, difficult to collapse in time during mining and frequent occurrence of mine tremors, taking the fully mechanized top coal caving face in a coal mine with extra thick coal seam as the engineering background, through the analysis of the characteristics and main control factors of rock pressure under the conditions of typical thick and hard roof, theoretical analysis The factors and prevention and control technology of thick and hard roof broken type mine shock are discussed by combining field measurement with engineering practice. It is believed that the mine shock phenomenon in the working face is mainly caused by single or multiple factors such as hard rock strata of high roof are not easy to collapse in time after mining, and caused by stress superimposition and transmission. The key is to deal with the high hard roof of the working face from two gateways and withdrawal channels to avoid the accumulation and propagation of elastic properties Block the stress transmission path, change the weighting step distance through manual intervention such as hydraulic fracturing, reduce the suspended roof structure, release energy in advance, reduce the occurrence frequency and hazard degree of mine shock from the source, and then realize the stability control of the surrounding rock of the stope, providing theoretical reference for the prevention and control technology of mine shock under the condition of hard roof.