Aiming at the 33kg portable robot in the laboratory as the research object, the lightweight design of 25kg is carried out. According to the force of the track wheels, the material thickness of each track wheel is used as a design variable to optimize the structure of its three-dimensional model to obtain a lightweight structure. The simulations are carried out separately under the working conditions, and the simulation results are carried out by ANSYS for static finite element analysis, and the stress and deformation are used as the limiting conditions for the components. Results The overall quality of the robot before and after optimization was reduced to meet the requirements of running characteristics through multiple iterative design comparisons. It is shown that the lightweight design scheme is feasible, and the new structure is better than the original structure.