Abstract:To explore the impact of heavy fog on drivers' lane-changing behavior on expressways in intelligent vehicle infrastructure cooperative systems, this study relies on a driving simulation experiment platform to design a human-machine interface (HMI) under intelligent vehicle infrastructure cooperative systems. Weather + HMI group, heavy fog group, and heavy fog + HMI group were used in four experimental scenarios. 43 subjects were recruited to conduct the driving simulation experiment, and the data on the subjects' lane-changing behavior were collected. The lane-changing process is extracted and divided into two stages: lane-changing decision and lane-changing execution. The variation range and variance of the steering wheel angle, lateral acceleration, and lateral offset are selected to characterize the behavior characteristics of the lane-changing decision stage; the lane-changing trajectory length, lane-changing time, lane-changing average vehicle speed, and lateral acceleration peak are selected to describe the behavior characteristics of the lane-changing execution stage. Finally, a generalized linear model was used to analyze the selected variables. The results show that: heavy fog, HMI, and the interaction effect have a significant impact on the driver's lane changing behavior. In the lane-changing decision stage, the variation range and variances of lateral acceleration and lateral offset caused by heavy fog were significantly reduced (p<0.05); variables such as steering wheel angle and lateral acceleration were significantly reduced by HMI (p<0.05); the interaction effect causes a significant increase in all variables except the change range of lateral acceleration (p<0.05). In the lane-changing execution stage, the heavy fog causes a significant reduction in the lane-changing trajectory length (p=0.01) and the lane-changing average vehicle speed (p=0.00), and the HMI only had a significant effect on the first peak of lateral acceleration (p=0.02). The research results can provide a reference for highway safety management in heavy fog.