坡度对三维山丘风场特性及绕流机理分析
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TK513.5

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国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1501104)


Study on the slope effect on wind field and flow mechanism over 3D hilly terrain
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    摘要:

    为研究坡度对山丘地形风场特性的影响,采用基于空间平均的大涡模拟方法进行了非定常绕流数值模拟研究。首先,通过与试验结果的对比,验证了模拟方法及参数的有效性;然后,研究了15°、21.8°、30°和45°四种坡度对山丘的近地绕流平均和脉动风速场的影响,着重从时均和瞬态流场角度进行了影响机理分析;最后,分析了坡度对地形加速效应的影响,并与不同国家规范结果进行了对比。结果表明:大涡模拟方法可以较有效地模拟不同坡度山丘的平均和脉动风速特性;不同坡度山丘迎风面处的平均和脉动风速场的变化规律基本一致,差异主要在山顶和背风面处。在山顶位置,随着坡度的增加,脉动风逐渐增大,以坡度30°为界,山顶处的流向平均风速呈现先减小后增大的趋势,背风面流动分离点逐渐向下游移动,引起涡旋中心位置逐渐向下游移动且远离山丘壁面。在背风面山腰近壁区,以坡度30°为界,当坡度较低时,随着坡度增大旋涡尺度不断增大,旋涡尾迹变宽,能量逐渐集中,流向平均风速逐渐减小,脉动风速逐渐增大;坡度大于该值时变化趋势则相反。不同坡度的地形加速效应趋势基本类似,主要差异在近壁区,结合各国规范本文给出了不同坡度地形加速效应的最大值曲线。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the effect of the hill slope on the wind field characteristics of hilly terrain, the spatial averaged large eddy simulation (LES) method was adopted to simulate the unsteady flow around the hilly terrain. The simulation method and parameter settings were firstly verified by comparison with the wind tunnel experimental results. The influence of four slopes, i.e., 15°, 21.8°, 30° and 45 °, on the wind field and turbulence structure of hilly terrain was then analyzed in the aspect of the time averaged and the transient flow field. Finally, by comparing with different national specifications, the influence of hill slope on the terrain acceleration effect was analyzed. The results show that LES method can simulate the characteristics of mean wind and fluctuating wind of hills with different slopes. With the considered four slopes of the hill, the mean wind and fluctuating wind fields on the windward side of hills with different slopes are basically the same, and the differences are mainly at the top and leeward side. At the top of the hill, with the slope increases, the turbulence at the top of the hill increases, the mean flow velocity decreases with there exists a critical slope of 30°. The flow separation point gradually moves downstream, causing the location of the vortex core center to move downstream and away from the mountain wall. Around the near wall region of the hillside of the leeward surface of the hill, there exists a critical slope of 30°. When the slope is smaller, the vortex scale increases with the slope angle; meanwhile, the vortex shedding path gets wider and energy concentration. Moreover, the mean flow wind decreases and the turbulence intensity increases. However, when the slope is greater than the critical value, reverse trend occurs. The acceleration effects of different slopes are similar, and the main difference lies in the near wall region. With the increase of the slope, the acceleration effect of the windward surface,the top of the hill and leeward surface increase after first decreases. The maximum value is given in combination with national specification for reference.

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郑德乾,包延芳,李亮,等. 坡度对三维山丘风场特性及绕流机理分析[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(20): 8691-8700.
Zheng Deqian, Bao Yanfang, Li Liang, et al. Study on the slope effect on wind field and flow mechanism over 3D hilly terrain[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2022,22(20):8691-8700.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-28
  • 最后修改日期:2022-04-16
  • 录用日期:2022-03-04
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-08-04
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