Compressive strength, elastic modulus and peak strain are three important parameters for mechanical properties of Tibetan rubble masonry. The compressive strength of rubble masonry can be obtained from rubble masonry blocks and mud sticky materials, but the elastic modulus and peak strain of masonry are difficult to be obtained due to the irregularity of masonry blocks and the randomness of masonry process. The prediction of elastic modulus and peak strain by compressive strength is to study the deformation characteristics and mechanical properties of such masonry. Eight rubble masonry specimens were built by xizang traditional masonry technology. Uniaxial compression tests were carried out on the prismatic specimens to obtain the compressive strength, displacement-load curve and failure mode of rubble masonry. The correlation coefficient between block and mud in the expression of compressive strength was optimized, and the elastic modulus and peak strain were predicted by the compressive strength. The test results show that this kind of masonry has low compressive strength and stage deformation characteristics, and its displacement-load curve is different from that of other types of masonry. The predicted values of elastic modulus and peak strain are found to be in good agreement with those of other rubble masonry structures, and there is a strong correlation among them. This paper can be used as reference for the study of the uniaxial compression performance of rubble masonry.