Land use allocation impacts the ecological environment and economic development, also influencing the sustainable development. In this paper, the CLUE-S model was used to simulate land use change from 2015 to 2030. Taking Sichuan province (China) as a pilot, three scenarios of ecological efficiency, economic efficiency, and comprehensive benefit were developed. Under these three scenarios, the ecosystem service value and economic benefit were calculated. The similarity and difference of land use distribution were also analyzed. The results show that scenario 1 achieves the maximum ecosystem service value, scenario 2 accomplishes the maximum economic benefit, as well as scenario 3 presents the consideration to both ecological and economic aspects. Spatially, the increase of ecological land-use types, specifically, forest land and water body, often occur in the Panxi region. The increase of construction land is ubiquitous in the Panxi region and Sichuan Basin. These results serve as a scientific reference for land planning and management in Sichuan.