In order to study the stress distribution of the contact tooth surface during the meshing process of the helical gear, a gear contact analysis model was established based on the finite element method, and the influence of plastic deformation, tooth surface friction, temperature and linear strengthening of the material on the meshing performance was studied, and the simulation was compared through experiments. result. The analysis results show that the contact load of the elastic-plastic model is higher than that of the elastic model. The larger the load, the more obvious the effect; the smaller the contact area considering the tooth surface friction, the larger the tooth surface contact load, and the greater the friction factor, the greater the contact load ; In the temperature field model, the tooth surface material is softened due to the frictional heat flow on the tooth surface, so the contact load is smaller than that of the elastoplastic model.In different load ranges, because the tooth surface deformation of different strengthening models is different, the change trend of the maximum surface stress is also different. Finally, the temperature rise and strain experiments are compared with the simulation results on the test bench, and it can be obtained that the experimental and simulated temperature changes in the tooth tip and tooth root area are consistent; in the strain test, the maximum stress of the tooth root is higher than the simulation result, but the stress of both The change curve is the same, and the error is less than 20%, which verifies the correctness of the simulated contact model.