利用ArcGIS和Excel提取面积高程积分曲线的方法
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P931

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)


Method of Extracting Hypsometric Curve by ArcGIS and Excel
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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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    摘要:

    面积高程积分(Hypsometric Integral,HI)可以定量地描述流域地貌演化阶段,是定量地貌分析的重要方法之一,得到了广泛应用。但目前常用的方法是高程起伏比法,仅能得到结果值,无法绘制可视化的积分曲线。本文提出一种利用ArcGIS和Excel提取并绘制HI曲线的方法。该方法首先在理解HI含义的基础上,分析了流域的数字高程模型数据(DEM)的特点。分析结果表明其属性表存储的是高程值及对应的栅格个数,其中栅格个数可转化为面积。据此特征,利用ArcGIS提取流域DEM并构建其属性表,然后利用Excel计算属性表中高程值及高程值以上的流域面积,从而得到一系列面积-高程数值对。此数值序列即为绘制HI曲线的基础。本文以大通河流域为例进行了方法的说明和验证。计算结果与高程起伏比法相一致。该方法无须编程,简便易操作,便于面积高程积分方法的广泛使用。

    Abstract:

    Hypsometric Integral (HI) can quantitatively describe the geomorphic evolution stage of the drainage basin. It is one of the important methods of quantitative geomorphic analysis and has been widely used. However, the commonly used method is the elevation fluctuation ratio method, which can only get the result value and can not draw the visual integral curve. This paper presented a method of extracting and drawing HI curve by using ArcGIS and Excel. Firstly, on the basis of understanding the meaning of HI, the characteristics of watershed digital elevation model data (DEM) were analyzed. The analysis results showed that the attribute table stores the elevation value and the corresponding number of grids, in which the number of grids can be converted into area. According to this feature, the watershed DEM was extracted by ArcGIS and its attribute table was constructed. And then the elevation value and its corresponding watershed area were calculated from the attribute table by Excel, so as to obtained a series of area-altitude pairs. The HI curve was drawn by using this numerical sequence. This paper took Datong River Basin as an example to illustrate and verify the method. The calculated results were consistent with the elevation fluctuation ratio method. This method needs no programming, is simple and easy to operate, and is convenient for the wide use of area elevation integration method.

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褚永彬,朱利东,杨文光,等. 利用ArcGIS和Excel提取面积高程积分曲线的方法[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(36): 15372-15377.
Chu Yongbin, Zhu Lidong, Yang Wenguang, et al. Method of Extracting Hypsometric Curve by ArcGIS and Excel[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2021,21(36):15372-15377.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-27
  • 最后修改日期:2021-12-08
  • 录用日期:2021-09-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-04
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