Energy use behavior has an important impact on the building environment and energy consumption. Due to the randomness and complexity of human behavior, it is often oversimplified in building simulation, and agent-based modeling has provided an effective method to simulate the energy use behavior of buildings. The content of energy consumption behavior and agent-based modeling has been discussed, the research status of agent-based modeling applied to building simulation has been summarized, and several methods of coupling energy consumption behavior model with building simulation has been introduced. This paper pointed out the key and difficulties in in the field of building simulation, which broaden ideas for building simulation and building operation management research.