Comparing to dual camera structure, single camera stereo vision measurement has an obvious advantage of structure size, measurement speed and cost, also it has a wide application prospect. The precision of single camera stereo vision measurement based on the principle and structure is analysed. According to the principle of binocular stereo vision and the components of single camera stereo vision, the different factors are discussed and influenced of precision, and get a simple mathematic expression. Considering the structure size and precision request,the structure is designed which aim at the complexity of large visual angle structure. The precision and reasonability of design and analysis are testified by reasonable experiments.