微破裂向量扫描在L606-6井压裂微震监测中的应用
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An application to the hydraulic fracture of well L606-6 by vector processing for microseismic
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    摘要:

    辽河油田于2018年2月10日对L606-6井垂深2940 m附近的邻近5个油层进行了水力压裂合压,同时应用微破裂向量扫描技术(Vector Scanning, VS)实施了地面微震监测。监测的目的是评估压裂及地面监测质量。监测过程严格执行了安静处布台和有效去噪等应用VS的必要条件,最大限度地提高了信噪比,获得了微震释放能量的平均最小信噪比为3.6%;监测结果可靠。最终压裂缝网带的基本参数是:长度400 m,走向或主方位NE30,破裂面积约6.4×104 m2;缝网主要由可分为主方位NE30及共轭方位NE90的两组子缝组成;总体缝高≥50 m。本次监测到的微震活动特性及相关推论是:时间间歇性和空间随机跳跃性明显,开始破裂需要的积累能量的时间较短,以后逐渐延长;缝网形成过程中每个重要时段的微震群发生的地域和范围仅是整个最后裂缝带中的局部,包括稍远处被诱发的震群,直到形成最后缝网;除几个构成缝网主要形状的特征时段外,多数微震活动的重要时段显示了这些微震在加密缝网,或者“填空”;此地域的最大主压应力的方向很可能在水平方向,且在NE30和NE90之间。这是一次较典型的水力压裂及其微震监测。借鉴L606-6井地面监测结果,对该块在L606-6井附近的三口井进行了压裂,并进行了井中微地震监测,四口井的裂缝走向和尺度基本一致,某种程度上验证了地面监测结果的可靠性。

    Abstract:

    Liaohe oil field, China, implemented a hydraulic fracture of well L606-6, together for the 5 sub-layers at a depth about 2900 m in 02/10/2018. The vector scanning (VS) was used to monitor the process by a surface microseismic network, for checking up the monitoring quality and stimulation effect. We followed strictly the necessary conditions required by VS application,such that the signal-to-noise was satisfied with quality and its reliable average value of 3.6%. The final fracture net shows a length of 400 m along a main orientation of NE30 occupying an area about 6.4x104 m2; the net consists of two-group fractures with different orientations of NE30 and NE90,seperately; the height of the net is ≥50 m. The microseismic activity is apparently intermittent: in the earlier half term, each seismic group needs to wait a couple of minutes before to accumulate enough injected energy; and later it becomes about ten minutes. The greater activity each time happens, randomly, in the different one or two orientations at a part of the final net, which is called "fill up". The two sub-fracture groups indicate that the direction range of in situ maximum principal stress should then be between NE30 and NE90. This is a typical stimulation and its microseismic monitoring on surface. Using L606-6 for reference, we also performed hydro-fracture for other three wells close to L606-6, and used downhole array in the microseismic monitoring; the final fracture nets of all 4 wells are similar each other, such as the surface detection is verified in a way.

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赵超峰,张伟,田建涛,等. 微破裂向量扫描在L606-6井压裂微震监测中的应用[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(4): 1279-1287.
Zhao Chaofeng, Zhang Wei, Tian Jiantao, et al. An application to the hydraulic fracture of well L606-6 by vector processing for microseismic[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2021,21(4):1279-1287.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-26
  • 最后修改日期:2020-11-18
  • 录用日期:2020-07-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-02-22
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