峰峰煤矿塌陷区典型农田土壤剖面重金素元素化学风化规律
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X703.1

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中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(3142018009;3142018011;3142017100;3102017102);廊坊市科学技术研究与发展计划自筹经费项目(No. 2018011064)


Study on chemical weathering law of heavy metal element in typical farmland soil profile in subsidence area of Fengfeng coal mine
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Basic scientific research operating expenses of central universities and colleges(3142018009;3142018011;3142017100;3102017102);The self-funded project of science and technology research and development plan of langfang city(No. 2018011064)

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    摘要:

    本文采集峰峰煤矿塌陷区典型农田剖面土壤,通过测定分析不同埋深土壤重金属元素(As、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cr、Cd、Zn和Hg)分布特征,利用质量平衡理论进行化学风化规律研究,探究塌陷驱动下剖面土壤重金属元素化学风化过程,结果表明:峰峰矿区煤炭塌陷区典型剖面土壤重金属元素Pb、Cd和As的含量超过国家农用地土壤污染风险管控标准,最大超标倍数分别为3.86倍、59.77倍、3.82倍;重金属元素Cu、Ni、Zn、Cr和Hg未超标。重金属元素Cd和As可能在塌陷驱动下,受地表径流和雨水淋滤下渗影响,使得其含量自表层向下逐渐增加。表层土壤元素Cu、Pb、Cr、Hg迁入富集,而元素Ni、As、Zn和Pb迁出淋滤;犁底层元素Cu、Ni、Zn和Pb迁出淋滤,Hg迁入富集,其余元素规律变化不明显。累积元素存在潜在风险,需要监控;淋滤的元素存在直接风险,需要高度管控。本实验为全面评估煤矿开采对土壤化学性能的影响,防治流域水土流失和保护区域生态环境提供科学依据。

    Abstract:

    The high-intensity mining of coal mine has caused a large area of subsidence area, accelerated the weathering of the soil, and then caused heavy metal pollution of the soil, seriously affecting the ecological environment of the mining area. This paper in Fengfeng coal mining subsidence As the research object, the selection of typical soil profile, through the analysis of different depth of soil heavy metals (As, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cd, zinc, and Hg) distribution, chemical weathering regularity studies using the theory of mass balance, driven by exploring collapse section soil heavy metals chemical weathering process, the results show that the typical profile in Fengfeng coal mining subsidence of soil heavy metal element content of Pb, Cd and As more than national standard of controlling farmland soil pollution risk, the biggest overweight multiples, respectively 3.86 times, 59.77 times, 3.82 times; Heavy metal elements Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr and Hg have not exceeded the standard. Heavy metal elements Cd and As may be driven by collapse and influenced by surface runoff and rainwater leaching and infiltration, making their content gradually increase from the surface layer downwards. Surface soil elements Cu, Pb, Cr and Hg were enriched by migration, while Ni, As, Zn and Pb were leached out. The removal and leaching of Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb from the bottom layer of the plough, and the migration and enrichment of Hg showed no obvious changes in other elements. Cumulative elements have potential risks and need to be monitored; The leached elements present a direct risk and need to be highly controlled. This experiment provides scientific basis for comprehensively evaluating the influence of coal mining on soil chemical properties, preventing soil erosion in watershed and protecting regional ecological environment.

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马晓慧,郝春明,王梦露,等. 峰峰煤矿塌陷区典型农田土壤剖面重金素元素化学风化规律[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(3): 1202-1210.
Ma Xiaohui, Hao Chunming, Wang Menglu, et al. Study on chemical weathering law of heavy metal element in typical farmland soil profile in subsidence area of Fengfeng coal mine[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2021,21(3):1202-1210.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-26
  • 最后修改日期:2020-11-06
  • 录用日期:2020-07-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-02-09
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