The coal-based energy structure, complex geological conditions and mining technology determine that the development of geophysical exploration technology in China has its own characteristics, and its technical development is of great significance to the safe production of coal mines. This paper expounds seven kinds of mine geophysical exploration technology in detail, analyzes the shortcomings of mine geophysical exploration technology, and puts forward the future development in the direction of high precision, large range and strong resolution, combines traditional geophysical exploration technology with intelligent mining, real-time detection and interpretation in opening and digging, and improves the efficiency of coal production. A variety of geophysical exploration technology coupling research is carried out to overcome the limitations of single geophysical exploration technology, combined with the coupling analysis of fissures, seepage flow, earth physical field, perfect observation methods and techniques, and develop a new geophysical exploration technology.