Hongqi Sag was a superimposed basin that had experienced multi-stage construction and transformation. Nowadays, it was difficult to saw the appearance of the prototype basin, which led to the complex formation mechanism of the fault system. How the fault system developed in the construction and transformation period, and how the relationship between the fault system was transferred, utilized, cut and transformed were not clear. Therefore, the structural evolution and formation mechanism are still quite different. On the basis of previous studies and based on the principle of similarity, the structural pattern and evolution law of extensional and compressional structures under the control of Hongxi fault on the northwest boundary of the sag were studied for the first time in the study area by using the method of structural physical simulation experiment, so as to reproduced the dynamic evolution process and achieved a high degree of coincidence with the actual geological situation. The results show that under the influence of intermittent extension and extrusion, the sag has experienced three tectonic evolution stages: faulted period(Tamulangou Formation to Nantun Formation 1), fault depression transition period(Nantun Formation 2 to Yimin Formation) and depression period(Qingyuangang Formation). In the process of deformation, the development of internal regulating faults is of periodicity. The developed faults in the faulted period end at the top of Nantun Formation 1, and the developed faults in the fault depression transition period end at the top of Yimin formation. It can be seen that the structural style of the sag is mainly affected by the plough controlled fault and regional extension and extrusion.