滇西北剑湖表层沉积物中铁锰分布和生态风险
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Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risks of Iron and Manganese in Surface Sediments of Jianhu Lake, Northwest Yunnan Province, China
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    摘要:

    为了解剑湖表层沉积物铁锰水平空间分布规律及形态特征,揭示其生态风险,使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定了剑湖表层沉积物中铁锰含量,使用优化的BCR连续提取法提取了四种形态含量,利用富集因子法和次生原生比值法评价了其生态风险状况。结果如下:①剑湖表层沉积物铁元素平均浓度为(40 611.89±1 659.49) mg·kg-1,锰为(669.30±27.13) mg·kg-1,两种元素均从湖东南向湖内其他区域辐射递减。②铁锰元素形态含量占比顺序分别为残渣态(95.07%)>可还原态(4.35%)>可交换态(0.51%)>可氧化态(0.06%),残渣态(94.55%)>可交换态(3.04%)>可还原态(2.19%)>可氧化态(0.21%)。③铁锰残渣态最高值均在湖东南,可氧化态最高值在泉眼附近。铁可还原态南多北少,可交换态由新水河、黄龙河之间区域向周围辐射递减。锰可交换态最高值位于湖东南,可还原态高值区位于湖西南部、东北部。④生态风险方面,铁锰均处于无污染或中度污染等级,来源均主要为自然富集。

    Abstract:

    In order to understand the spatial distributions, fraction characteristics and ecological risks of iron and manganese in the surface sediments of Jianhu Lake, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer was used to determine the contents of iron and manganese for present study, optimized BCR method was used to extract four fractions of iron and manganese, enrichment factor method and ratio of secondary and primary phase method were used to evaluate the ecological risks. The results were as follows: ① In Jianhu Lake, the concentrations of iron and manganese in the surface sediments were (40 611.89±1 659.49) and (669.30±27.13) mg·kg-1 respectively, and the contents of these two elements reduced from the southeast to the north and west areas. ② The proportions of iron and manganese fraction contents were in the following orders: iron residue fraction(95.07%) > iron reducible fraction(4.35%) > iron exchangeable fraction(0.51%) > iron oxidizable fraction(0.06%) and manganese residual fraction(94.55%) > manganese exchangeable fraction(3.04%) > manganese reducible fraction(2.19%) > manganese oxidizable fraction(0.21%) respectively. ③ The highest value of iron and manganese residue fraction contents was in the southeast of the lake, and the highest oxidizable fraction was near the spring. The iron reducible fraction contents gradually decreased from south to north, and the exchangeable fraction contents were diminished from the area between the Xinshui River and the Huanglong River. The highest value of manganese exchangeable fraction was located in the southeast of Jianhu Lake, and the high-valued areas of the reductible fraction were located in the southwest and northeast of the lake. ④ In terms of ecological risks, iron and manganese were at the level of non-pollution or moderate pollution, and natural enrichment was the main source for both of them.

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王钧霞,喻庆国,李波,等. 滇西北剑湖表层沉积物中铁锰分布和生态风险[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(22): 9234-9242.
Wangjunxia, 李波, 张奇,et al. Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risks of Iron and Manganese in Surface Sediments of Jianhu Lake, Northwest Yunnan Province, China[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2020,20(22):9234-9242.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-11-04
  • 最后修改日期:2020-04-27
  • 录用日期:2020-01-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-25
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