Biological tissue has its inherent optical properties related to its structure and function. Polarization imaging technology can show different polarization characteristics according to the microstructure difference between normal and malignant changes of tissues, so as to distinguish between the two.In this study, a set of automatic imaging system is designed to collect the Mueller matrix of tissue backscatter light. The Mueller matrix imaging experiments are carried out on two kinds of common breast cancer pathological tissue sections, and the Mueller matrix image data obtained by Mueller matrix decomposition method are used to extract the clear physical meaning parameter images in the Mueller matrix. The experimental results show that the corresponding Mueller matrix decomposition parameter image can distinguish cancerous tissue from non cancerous tissue. This provides a new way for the rapid pathological diagnosis of breast cancer.