In this paper, from the perspective of multi-stage dispersion system of cement stabilized macadam and non-homogeneous properties, the structure and shrinkage cracking mechanism of cement stabilized macadam are analyzed, and the ideal structural state of crack-resistant cement stabilized macadam is obtained. The hierarchical design idea and the two-stage design method are studied, and the mechanical properties and microscopic mechanism of the designed mixture carried out. The interface transition zone was analyzed from the interface characteristics and microscopic products by SEM-EDS and microhardness. The results show that the cement stabilized macadam obtained by the two-stage design method is better than that by the standard design method, which improves the homogeneity and interfacial state of the mixture, has relatively compact microstructure, fewer defects, and improves the mechanical properties in varying degrees. The thickness of the interfacial transition zone decreases by 25%-29%, and the average microhardness increases by 13.8%. which reveals the microscopic mechanism of the performance improvement of cement stabilized macadam based on uniformity design.