In this paper, the improved Hopkinson bar was used to carry out low-speed impact tests on different carbon fiber composite laminates(CFRP for short). The dynamic mechanical response to CFRP laminates with different lay orders was analyzed. An experimental measurement system based on high-speed 3D digital image correlation method (3D-DIC) was set up. The system consists of three high-speed cameras, of which two consist of a 3D-DIC observation system for three-dimensional imaging and another records the bullet flight posture to calculate bullet’s flight speed. Using the 3D digital image correlation technique, the displacement field of the laminates after damage can be obtained, and then the strain field after the material damage is obtained. The experimental results were simulated by ABAQUS/Explicit simulation software. The experimental results agree well with the simulation results, which validates the effective application of 3D-DIC in the research of the impact resistance of carbon fiber composite laminates.