The application of static pressure piles is more and more extensive. In order to clarify the relationship between pile length and pile bearing and bearing capacity characteristics, based on the indoor model test, the whole process of model pile sinking with different pile lengths in sand is analyzed. The vibrating wire pressure gauge, the micro earth pressure box and the high-precision displacement meter were used to measure the pile end resistance during pile sinking, the earth pressure around the pile after unloading and the rebound amount of the pile, revealing the pile length and the single pile sinking. The relationship between pile and bearing capacity characteristics. The test results show that the pile tip resistance of the pile is effectively measured by the end resistance meter, and the resistance of the end of the pile is related to the line shape of the pile depth, the pile depth in the depth range of 600mm. The measurement of the soil pressure around the pile by the micro-interface earth pressure box reveals that the soil pressure around the pile after unloading gradually approaches the passive earth pressure with the increase of the pile length, but after unloading at a certain depth position The variation of the earth pressure around the pile with the increase of the pile depth increases. The high-precision displacement meter is used to accurately measure the rebound amount of the pile during the unloading process. It is found that the rebound of the pile mainly occurs in the vertical direction and the length of the pile, and the rebound amount is relatively small, about 0.35% of the pile length. In addition, the rate of settlement change with loading during the loading process of the pile is related to the length of the pile. The ultimate bearing capacity of the pile increases non linearly with the increase of the pile length. The research results have important engineering significance for further clarifying the influence of pile length on the characteristics of pile sinking and the ultimate bearing capacity of piles.