华北平原区典型下垫面退水过程研究
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河北工程大学 水利水电学院,河北省水资源高效利用工程技术研究中心;河北工程大学 水利水电学院,河北省水资源高效利用工程技术研究中心;河北工程大学 水利水电学院;河北工程大学 水利水电学院

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TV124

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国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07203-008);基于多水源联合调控的超采区水土资源利用模式研究(15227005D);国家自然科学基金(51409078);河北省教育厅科学研究计划重点项目(ZD2014020)


Discharge Recession from Runoff Plots in Representative Land Surface in North China Plain Area
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Hebei University of Engineering,,

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    摘要:

    以位于邯郸永年区的河北工程大学降雨-径流-灌排试验场为依托,进行数场人工模拟降雨试验,分别探讨了华北平原区典型下垫面河道径流、地表径流和各层壤中流出流的退水特征。对各种出流方式对比结果表明, 河道径流和地表径流在降雨停止后迅速消退,且很快退水完毕;壤中流退水往往在地表径流退水的后半程开始,其退水历时最长, 流量最小。影响因子分析表明, 降雨强度对退水流量的影响比较明显地表现在河道径流方面,即随降雨强度的加大,河道径流的退水流量呈幂函数上升趋势;降雨量对各层壤中流总退水流量的影响显著,即随着降雨量的增大,壤中流退水流量呈幂函数增大趋势;降雨历时对各种方式的退水流量影响均不明显。雨强还影响退水流量在总径流量中的分配比例,河道径流、地表径流、壤中流1和和壤中流2出流的退水流量分别占总流量的0.72%、8.6%、1.71%和0.19%,退水流量占总流量的12.31%。当雨强小于2mm/min时,随着雨强的增大地表径流退水流量所占比例呈直线增加趋势,但当雨强增加到2mm/min以上之后,地表径流退水流量所占比例反而下降了;随着雨强的增加,壤中流总退水流量所占比例呈对数函数逐渐下降的趋势。计算结果表明, 该区退水常数可以分河道径流、地表径流退水和壤中流退水2类, 其数次降雨平均值分别为 0.85 和 0.95。这一结果为进一步研究水文过程乃至流域尺度的退水过程提供了借鉴。

    Abstract:

    Based on the rainfall runoff testing field of Hebei Engineering University in Handan Yongnian district, simulated several artificial rainfall tests, we discusses the characteristics of channel runoff ,surface runoff and soil-layer flow in the representative land surface of North China plain. The results show that the channel runoff and surface runoff are fading rapidly after the rainfall is stopped, the soil-layer flow usually recesses in the second half of the surface runoff, accompanied with the longest duration and lowest discharge. The influence factor analysis shows that the influence of rainfall intensity on the water discharge is more obvious in current channel runoff, with the increase of rainfall intensity, the discharge flow of channel runoff is a power function. Rainfall has a significant effect on the total soil-layer flow, accompanied the increase of rainfall, the total soil-layer flow is increasing with the power function. The effect of rainfall duration on the withdrawal rate of various modes is not obvious. Rainfall intensity also affects the proportion of recession discharge by the channel runoff, the surface runoff. The first soil-layer flow and the second surface runoff to total discharge, which are 0.72%,8.6%,1.71% and 0.19%, the discharge rate is 12.31% of the total flow. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the proportion of recession by surface runoff increases linearly when the intensity is lower than 2.0 mm/mi. However ,the proportion of surface runoff recession to total discharge decreases to very low if the intensity is above 2mm/min. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the proportion of total dewatering flow in soil is decreasing in logarithmic function. The result shows that the recession constant in this area should be divided into channel surface recession, surface runoff(0.85)and the total soil-layer(0.95).These primary results will present parameters for the further research of recession on hydrological processes on slopes and catchment.

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闫丹丹,王树谦,张智超 葛晓通. 华北平原区典型下垫面退水过程研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2018, 18(21): .
yandandan, and. Discharge Recession from Runoff Plots in Representative Land Surface in North China Plain Area[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(21).

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-31
  • 最后修改日期:2018-04-11
  • 录用日期:2018-04-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-07-30
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