Abstract:A field survey in one farming area of Sanjiang Plain was carried out and the spatial characteristics and sources of eight heavy metals elements (Cu, Cd, Se, Cr, Ni, Zn, As, Hg) were studied using geo-statistics and principal component analysis. The results showed that the variation coefficients of eight element were 10.49%-49.23%. The spatial distribution of each element had respective characteristics, and there was an obvious spatial variability on a small scale. Geo-statistics analysis showed Cu, Cr, Ni presented the moderate spatial correlation, and the spatial variation was affected by natural factors and human ones possibly, while Hg, As, Cd, Se, Zn had strong spatial auto-correlation which mainly were affected by natural factors such as soil parent material. Combining with principal component analysis, in addition to natural factors, As、Cd、Se、Zn、Hg、Cu were affected by the low degree of agricultural activities, while Ni, Cr elements were mainly from soil parent material and agricultural fertilizer, mineral resources exploitation and utilization process. Geo-statistics analysis were carried out again using the results of principal component analysis. It was further concluded that the ratio of nugget to sill ([C0 /( C0 + C)]) was 35.70%, less than 25%, which showed the soil elements had been influenced by cultivation, fertilization, industrial and mining manufacture, so it is necessary to arrange reasonable methods of industrial and agricultural production to ensure healthy development of ecological agriculture.