土壤重金属元素的空间分布特征与来源分析 ——以三江平原某农业耕作区为例
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吉林大学环境与资源学院;吉林大学水资源与环境研究所,吉林大学环境与资源学院;吉林大学水资源与环境研究所,吉林大学环境与资源学院;吉林大学水资源与环境研究所,吉林大学环境与资源学院;吉林大学水资源与环境研究所,吉林大学环境与资源学院;吉林大学水资源与环境研究所;中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心

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X53

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Geo-statistics Spatial Characteristics and Source Analysis of Soil Heavy Metals Elements: A Case Study of one Farming Area in Sanjiang Plain
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College of Environment and Resources;Institute of Water Resources and Environment,,,,

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    摘要:

    针对三江平原某农业耕作区,运用地统计学和主成分分析法对土壤中Cu、Cd、Se、Cr、Ni、Zn、As、Hg 8种重金属元素的空间分布特征与来源进行研究。结果表明:8种元素含量的变异系数Cv在10.49%-49.23%之间,其空间分布各具特征,且在小范围内存在明显的空间变异性。经过地统计分析得出Cu、Cr、Ni呈现中等程度空间自相关性,其空间变异可能受到自然和人为因素的共同作用;As、Cd、Se、Zn、Hg具有强烈的空间自相关性,主要受到土壤母质等自然因素的影响。结合主成分分析得出,As、Cd、Se、Zn、Hg、Cu除了来源于自然因素外,也受低程度农业施肥等活动的影响;而Ni、Cr主要来源于土壤母质和农业施肥、矿产资源开发利用过程。将主成分分析结果再次进行地统计分析得出块金值和基台值之比[C0 /( C0 + C)]为35.70%,大于25%,进一步说明土壤元素已受到耕作施肥、工业生产等人类活动的影响,需要合理安排工农业生产方式以保障生态农业的健康发展。

    Abstract:

    A field survey in one farming area of Sanjiang Plain was carried out and the spatial characteristics and sources of eight heavy metals elements (Cu, Cd, Se, Cr, Ni, Zn, As, Hg) were studied using geo-statistics and principal component analysis. The results showed that the variation coefficients of eight element were 10.49%-49.23%. The spatial distribution of each element had respective characteristics, and there was an obvious spatial variability on a small scale. Geo-statistics analysis showed Cu, Cr, Ni presented the moderate spatial correlation, and the spatial variation was affected by natural factors and human ones possibly, while Hg, As, Cd, Se, Zn had strong spatial auto-correlation which mainly were affected by natural factors such as soil parent material. Combining with principal component analysis, in addition to natural factors, As、Cd、Se、Zn、Hg、Cu were affected by the low degree of agricultural activities, while Ni, Cr elements were mainly from soil parent material and agricultural fertilizer, mineral resources exploitation and utilization process. Geo-statistics analysis were carried out again using the results of principal component analysis. It was further concluded that the ratio of nugget to sill ([C0 /( C0 + C)]) was 35.70%, less than 25%, which showed the soil elements had been influenced by cultivation, fertilization, industrial and mining manufacture, so it is necessary to arrange reasonable methods of industrial and agricultural production to ensure healthy development of ecological agriculture.

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梁玉凯,苏小四,宋铁军,等. 土壤重金属元素的空间分布特征与来源分析 ——以三江平原某农业耕作区为例[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2017, 17(25): .
Liang Yukai,苏小四,宋铁军,et al. Geo-statistics Spatial Characteristics and Source Analysis of Soil Heavy Metals Elements: A Case Study of one Farming Area in Sanjiang Plain[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(25).

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-22
  • 最后修改日期:2017-03-02
  • 录用日期:2017-04-28
  • 在线发布日期: 2017-09-13
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