According to analysis of practical evacuation demands and the shelter system hierarchical characteristics of satellite town, this paper puts forward emergency shelter layout optimization method based on the combination of P-median model and MCLP model to solve the layout optimization problem rationally.By the constrains of relevant regulations required evacuation distance and facility capacity, as well as the comprehensive objective that the minimum evacuation distance in interim-short-term evacuation stage and maximum covered demand zones in long-term stage, this method has been applied to calculation and optimization of the number and location of shelter system in typical satellite town.The results from present method is proved to be richer structure hierarchy,higher utilization efficiency for limited resources and relatively higher evacuation efficiency under definite cost in study area.