Objective:to study the acute exercise on obesity children serum adiponectin and leptin and blood lipid.Methods:40 of obese children,randomly divided into its acute exercise group and the control group,acute exercise group,an acute exercise on a daily basis,the control group without any movement during the experiment.Results:after acute exercise group weight,BMI,waist hip ratio,hip circumference compared to before the trial were significantly lower(P<0.05),body fat rate,weight,waist circumference and body fat than before the experiment has a very significant difference(P<0.01),the experiment after acute exercise group weight,hip circumference,and waist-hip ratio significantly lower than the control group,with significant difference(P<0.05),BMI,body fat rate,body fat weight,waist circumference significantly lower than the control group,with very significant difference(P<0.01).Acute exercise group before and after the experiment the TC,LDL,HDL and LDL/HDL have significant difference(P<0.05),after an acute exercise group TG significantly lower compared with before the trial,has very significant difference(P<0.01),after the experiment of acute exercise group LDL,HDL and LDL/HDL compared with the control group with significant difference(P<0.05),the experiment after acute exercise group TC,TG,and the control group significantly decreased,compared with very significant difference(P<0.01).After an acute exercise group serum adiponectin increased significantly,with very significant difference(P<0.01),serum adiponectin experiment after acute exercise group was obviously higher than that of control group,with very significant difference(P<0.01).After an acute exercise group of leptin is reduced,with very significant difference(P<0.01);Experiment after acute exercise group leptin is lower than the control group,with very significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusion:acute exercise can increase fat children serum adiponectin,reduce its leptin and blood lipid levels