The DSCM method was adopted for studying the deformation failure characteristics of the jointed rock mass under the whole-sectioned rock TBM. The digital speckle images on the sample surfaces were computed and analyzed. Then the distributions of the displacement and strain field were obtained on the sample surfaces under the critical state with different jointed parameters (the angle of the joints and the distance between joints) underwent the invasion of the cutter. The results showed that the distributions of the displacement and strain field related to the jointed parameters closely. The deformation localization characteristics on the sample surfaces were controlled by the special position of the joints. Moreover, the extended mode of the cracks on the sample was affected by the special position of the joints. The damage localization features can be reflected well by the distributions of the strain field on the sample surfaces when the critical failure state reached in the rock mass.