Fusant strain 14 is a high-efficiency PAHs-degrading bacterium by protoplast fusion between Sphingomonas sp. GY2B and Pseudomonas sp. GP3A, in order to examine the surface properties mechanism of F14 during its degrading process, from the perspective of individual cells of the bacterial explored to the changes of the surface material and cell hydrophobicity in the process of degradation. Results showed that the phospholipid, lipid hydroperoxide, lipopolysacharide and the hydrophobicity of cell membrane of the F14 were related definitely with the degradation of phenanthrene. With the increase of the concentration of phenanthrene, the content of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharide were increased, when the concentration is greater than 150 mg/L, the phospholipids is reduced. Malondialdehyde content was increased with increasing concentration of phenanthrene. F14 was higher cell surface hydrophobicity, and the cell surface hydrophobicities of F14 are respectively 69.7%, 65.2%. Exploring the changes of bacterial surface properties during the degrading progress is more deeply for investigating the degradation mechanism.