In this paper, for the study area is Majindong area in Northwestern Hunan, use such methods as geological mapping, profile measuring, exploratory trench reveal, experimental test and mathematical analysis studied the vanadium contained stone coal geological characteristics in Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation. The study found that stone coal mainly distributed in Lower Member, Niutitang Formation, Lower Series, Lower Cambrian, with thickness 10.2~41.7 m, average 27.6m, basically stable development; calorific value had relationship with ash, vdaf, water, sulfur of stone coal; the main lithology of roof and floor of stone coal seam was black carbonaceous shale; the highest grade of V2O5 was 1.02%, achieved the industrial grade, could be used together with stone coal mining.