Abstract:The sandstone of Taiyuan formation of the upper Paleozoic in Taiyuan Xishan be selected as the study target. The Petrology, mineralogy and heavy mineral characteristics were analyzed, revealing the detrital components of the two important sandstone layers.The sandstone fragment components mainly be composed of magma type quartz, chert fragment ,sandstone type quartz and metamorphic type quartz.Heavy mineral mainly consist of stable minerals and moderately stable minerals .It indicated that the provenance of two sandstone layers was the sedimentary rock, metamorphic rock and magmatic rock mixed. With the geological evolution, the composition of provenance rocks had a trend that the sedimentary rock relatively decreased and the crystalline rock relatively increased.