AOD is the most basic variable that can reveal opticalScharacteristic of atmospheric aerosol and is the key factor to radiation of atmospheric aerosol on climate and atmospheric pollution that can be used to predict the total of atmospheric aerosol content . The capability of WRF-Chem in the aerosol simulation especially for AOD was analyzed by applying to a dust storm during the period from 19 to 23 March 2010 over North China.The result showed that: experimental simulation of AOD、PM2.5 and PM10 represented similar variation tendency in distribution,indicating the capability of WRF-Chem in the aerosol simulation for opticalS characteristic;we find that AOD from model output is consisitent with both satellite and ground-based observation by analysing the AOD data acquired from the MODIS sensor on satellite of Aqua/ Terra and the AERONET data. 24 hours prediction of the model can reflect the variation tendency of AOD with time.