In nonlinear explicit dynamic finite element code of LS-DYNA, the quarter finite element model is created by taking the Lagrange algorithm and selecting the Gruneisen state equation and the Johnson-Cook material model which was compatible with metal penetrating problem for 2519A-T87 aluminum alloy target penetrated by projectile. Through the simulation result of penetrating, the distribution and change in temperature and shear stress are analyzed in the target during the process of penetration, which can provides us sound basis of the formation mechanism of adiabatic shear bands for aluminum alloy.