Regarding the improvement of loess, a system of natural fiber reinforced soil has been formed, but there are few studies on the tensile strength of fiber soil. With the rapid development of national urban road construction, there are higher requirements for the tensile and crack resistance of subgrade slopes. In order to study the tensile performance of rapeseed hull-reinforced loess, a single admixture experiment was designed to explore the influence of rapeseed hull content, rapeseed hull length, and degree of compaction on the tensile properties of the rapeseed hull, and the reinforcement mechanism was analyzed. A mathematical regression model of the tensile strength of rapeseed hull-reinforced loess was established by response surface methodology. The results show that adding rapeseed hulls to loess can effectively improve the tensile strength of loess. The primary and secondary degree of the influence of various factors on the tensile strength is the amount of rapeseed hull, the degree of compaction, and the length of the rapeseed hull. There is a synergistic effect between rapeseed hull content and length. The established mathematical regression model is reliable and meets engineering needs. The research results can provide basic data for roadbed slope treatment and roadbed strength.