Abstract:HDR(hot dry rock) is a kind of clean and renewable energy, which has many advantages over traditional energy. However, the difficulty of drilling has always been the main problem limiting its application and promotion. In this paper, the characteristics and difficulties of high-temperature drilling in the HDR are analyzed firstly , and then the domestic and foreign research trend, including advanced drilling technology, drilling tools, and drilling fluid, is systematically reviewed. The operation mechanism and application scope of gas drilling, liquid nitrogen jet drilling and combined thermal mechanical drilling (CTMD), the research status and development direction of drilling tools, the selection basis and the overall performance optimization idea of different high-temperature drilling fluid systems are commented in detail. Finally, combined with the current research level, the prospects of the high-efficiency optimization of drilling equipment, the overall function evaluation of new drilling fluid, and the dynamic control of equipment parameters in the drilling process are further discussed. It is expected to provide a reference for the drilling research and engineering practice of high-temperature hot dry rock heating system in China.