The Loess Plateau has formed a special geographic landscape and landform type dominated by plateaus, beams, and ridges under the external dynamic geological action of wind and hydraulic interaction for a long time. Researching and analyzing the distribution characteristi- cs of the characteristic parameters of different loess shapes has important theoretical and practical significance for exploring the formation mechanism of loess earthquake landslides and prevention measures. This paper takes the loess area as the background, and selects 600 sets of typical topographic data of loess plateau, beam and ridge. With the support of ArcGIS software platform, based on DEM data with a precision of 30m, the 3D Analyst function is used to extract and analyze the slope and direction of the two terrain feature parameters of the loess plateau, beam and ridge, and compare them with the sliding direction of the landslide , Compare the original slope angle. The results show that the slope distribution ranges of loess plateau, beam and ridge are respectively 48.66°-8.189°, 44.052°-0.917°, 42.91°-2.16°; the slope directions of the maximum slope of the plateau are mainly concentrated in the north, northwest, and northeast directions.The minimum slope is distributed in the southwest and south directions. The maximum slope of the beam is mainly distributed in the east and west, and the minimum slope is distributed in the northeast and north. The slope direction of the maximum slope of the ridge is mainly distributed in the south and southwest, and the minimum slope is distributed in the northeast. The statistical results show that the slope value distribution of the plateau, beam, and ridge basically conforms to the normal distribution; the sliding direction of the landslide The slope direction of the maximum slope slope of the local topography unit is basically the same, and its original slope angle is closer to the maximum slope slope of the loess topography. The research results of this paper have certain reference value for studying the development mechanism of landslides in the loess area and testing the rationality of the original terrain restoration results of ancient landslides.