Objective: In order to study the factors that may affect the treatment compliance and success rate of MDR-TB patients in the current diagnosis and treatment program, 90 DR-TB patients admitted to the Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control between March 2016 to November 2019 were collected and their drug resistance results, patients' characteristics, treatment options and clinical outcomes were statistical analyzed. The results showed that 63 of 90 DR-TB patients were MDR-TB and 3 were XDR-TB; retreated patients were more than newly treated patients (5.3:1); except for INH and RFP, SM has the highest resistance rate (85.71%), patients resistant to INH + RFP + SM accounted for the largest proportion in combined resistance (36.51%); 65.08% of MDR-TB patients received further anti-TB treatment; after receiving anti-TB treatment, 50% of the patients were cured; no significant difference was found in the rate of receiving further anti-TB treatment and completing treatment among patients of different gender, age, registration type and anti-tuberculosis medication history; the average time of anti-tuberculosis treatment for MDR-TB patients was 739.76 days; the retreated patients has a higher proportion in MDR-TB patients; in addition to resistance to INH and RFP, MDR-TB is often complicated with other resistances; those patients receiving further anti-TB treatment and completing treatment made up lower proportion than expectations, and the treatment cycle was longer. Clearly, it is necessary for the treatment of MDR-TB patients to emphasize DST before treatment, develop personalized treatment program based on drug sensitivity results and patient types, and select drugs according to the new drugs in groups to improve treatment compliance and success rate.