With the rapid development of China's economy, a series of environmental degradation problems are inevitables. In order to analyze and master the changes in the atmospheric quality of Shandong Province in recent years, this article makes full use of the air quality monitoring data of Shandong Province from 2015 to 2018, by means of time series change analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and atmospheric mass center of gravity transfer analysis, the air quality index (AQI) of 17 cities in Shandong Province was analyzed for interannual sequence changes and seasonal changes, and by the established of spatial autocorrelation and center of gravity migration model, the spatial aggregation characteristics and the development rule of center of gravity migration of AQI in 17 cities were explored. The results show that the AQI of cities in Shandong Province is decreasing year by year, and the air quality in the western and central and southern regions is poor, air quality shows a seasonal change in winter and summer, the overall urban air quality in coastal areas is better, and the seasonal pattern is not obvious. The Moran’s I (Molran Index) of AQI in various cities decreases year by year, and the spatial autocorrelation of air quality in various cities is showing a trend of weakening year by year. The gravity center migration analysis shows that the AQI gravity center of Shandong urban agglomeration in recent years has shown a tendency to shift slightly from west to east.