In order to test the bulk force and displacement of lithium battery during the charge and discharge process, this paper intends to develop a corresponding test bench. The experimental bench consists of four parts: charge and discharge system, environmental control system, test system, and data acquisition system. In order to simulate the battery response to the test device, an equivalent method for characterizing the thermo-mechanical-electrical coupling of lithium batteries during charging and discharging is proposed. Based on the developed test bench, testing the battery displacement-SOC curve and battery bulk force-SOC curve under different discharge rates makes it possible to develop a battery management system based on temperature-current-voltage-force.