低成熟海相黑色页岩生烃特征的热模拟实验
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TE122.2

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国家科技重大专项“彭水地区常压页岩气勘探示范工程” (项目编号:2016ZX05061) ,中国石化重大项目课题“四川盆地三古构造与烃源岩生烃演化研究”(P16079)


Thermal Simulation Experiment on Hydrocarbon Generation Characteristics of Low-Mature Marine Black Shale
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    摘要:

    页岩气是黑色富有机质页岩生烃演化完成后滞留在页岩中的烃类气体,为了查明海相黑色页岩生排烃过程中产物的变化规律及影响因素,揭示海相富有机质页岩的生烃潜力,本文采用地层孔隙热压生烃模拟仪对四川盆地广元地区上寺剖面大隆组黑色页岩进行热压模拟实验。结果表明:(1) 黑色页岩具有极高的生烃潜力,最高产烃量达452.43 mg/gTOC,其中气态烃总产率195.45 mL/gTOC,液态烃最高产率为377.8 mg/gTOC;(2) 油的产率随热模拟温度升高表现为先升后降的特征,生油演化成峰型尖锐的单峰特征,生油高峰在360℃,甲烷随成熟度升高而增加,而重烃气C2-5则表现为先升后降的特征,甲烷主要由油裂解形成,其次是干酪根热解和重烃气裂解;(3) 气态烷烃呈现δ13C1<δ13C2<δ13C3<δ13C4,且随热模拟温度增加,气态烃的碳同位素值均表现为逐渐富集13C,说明了热模拟过程中只发生了碳同位素的动力学分馏。基于本次热模拟产物产率随热成熟度变化特征,建立了黑色富有机质页岩的生烃模式,分为两个主要阶段: 热催化生油气阶段和热裂解生湿气阶段,特别是在很高热模拟温度下仍未进入生干气阶段,表明了在过成熟阶段黑色页岩仍具有一定的生烃潜力,对拓展高过成熟页岩气勘探领域具有较好的参考意义。

    Abstract:

    Shale gas is the hydrocarbon gas retained in black organic rich shale after hydrocarbon generation and evolution .In order to find out the variation law and influencing factors of products during hydrocarbon expulsion process, and reveal the hydrocarbon generation potential of marine organic rich shale, a black shale sample of Dalong Formation Shangsi section in Guangyuan area, Sichuan Basin were studied by pyrolysis simulated experiment. The results show as fellows. (1) Black shale has extremely high hydrocarbon generation potential, and the highest hydrocarbon yield is 452.43 mg/gTOC, of which the total yield of gaseous hydrocarbon is 195.45 mL /gTOC, and the highest yield of liquid hydrocarbon is 377.8 mg/gTOC. (2) With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the oil yield shows the characteristics of rising first and then decreasing with the increase of temperature. The oil evolves into a sharp peak single peak characteristic, and the oil production peak is at 360 °C (eqvRo=0.96%). Methane and non-gaseous hydrocarbons have similar yield characteristics, and exhibit an increase trend with increasing maturity, while heavy hydrocarbon gas C2-5 exhibits the characteristics of first rise and then fall, which suggesting methane is mainly formed by oil cracking, and followed by heavy hydrocarbon gas cracking. (3) The δ13C of gaseous alkanes exhibits δ13C1<δ13C2<δ13C3<δ13C4, and the carbon isotope values of gaseous hydrocarbons are gradually enriched with 13C as the pyrolysis temperature increases, indicating that only kinetic fractionation of carbon isotopes occurred during the pyrolysis experiment. Based on the characteristics of thermal simulation product yield with increasing thermal maturity, the hydrocarbon generation model of black organic-rich shale is established, which is divided into two main stages: thermal catalytic oil and gas generation stage and thermal cracking moisture generation stage, In particular, simulated sample studied has not entered dry gas generation stage at an extremely high temperature during thermal pyrolysis experiment, illustrating that black shale still has a certain hydrocarbon generation potential at over-maturity stage, which is of great reference value for expanding the field of high- to over-mature shale gas exploration.

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邓模,翟常博,杨振恒,等. 低成熟海相黑色页岩生烃特征的热模拟实验[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(1): 130-137.
Deng Mo, Zhai Changbo, Yang Zhenheng, et al. Thermal Simulation Experiment on Hydrocarbon Generation Characteristics of Low-Mature Marine Black Shale[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2021,21(1):130-137.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-28
  • 最后修改日期:2020-09-11
  • 录用日期:2020-06-14
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-02-04
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