适用于裂缝-溶洞型喷漏地层的井下防喷器研究与测试
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TE921

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国家重大专项示范工程“彭水地区常压页岩气勘探开发示范工程”(编号:2016ZX05061-002-001);中石化安全监管部攻关项目 “井下防喷器技术研究”(编号:G10-WT-13-013)


Research and Experiment of Downhole Blowout Preventer for Fracture - Cave Formation
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    摘要:

    裂缝-溶洞型地层储集空间非均质性极强,在钻井时易发生井涌、井喷等事故。井下防喷器作为一种井下井控工具,当井涌或井喷等异常发生时,能够实现井下关闭钻杆内外环空于危险地层之上,保障井控安全。本文针对井下防喷器在裂缝-溶洞型地层应用时须满足裸眼大环空的密封要求,通过改进胶筒结构等关键部件,研制了以单段压缩式长胶筒作为密封单元的井下防喷器。该防喷器的结构特点在于长胶筒以增加到40%的膨胀比例保证了间隙的密封性,经老化、冲刷后室内性能测试承压可达35MPa。井下防喷器在整体性能测试中抗扭强度36100N?m,抗拉强度1500kN,满足正常工程应用要求。最后在裂缝-溶洞型地层区块中选取一口实验井进行功能性实验,实验结果表明,入井后防喷器坐封、解封功能均能实现,坐封过程中多次稳压正常。起钻后,整体部件功能正常,井下防喷器可靠性良好。

    Abstract:

    Due to the high heterogeneity of reservoir space, the kick and blowout accidents are easy to occur in the fracture-cave formation. As a downhole well control tool, the main function of the downhole BOP(Blow Out Preventer) is to close the inner and outer annulus of the drill pipe above the dangerous bottom layer and realize safe well control when there are abnormal conditions such as kick or blowout. In view of the application of downhole blowout preventer in fracture-cave formation, in order to meet the requirements of open-hole large annulus sealing, the downhole blowout preventer with a single compression long barrel is proposed as the sealing unit by improving the structure and material of the barrel. The structure of the downhole blowout preventer is characterized by the long rubber barrel and the expansion ratio is over 40% to ensure the sealing of the annular. Through the laboratory performance test, the aging and erosion of the rubber cylinder pressure up to 35MPa. Downhole blowout preventer torsional strength in the overall performance tests of up to 36100 N?m, with tensile strength of 1500kN, meets the requirements of normal engineering application. Finally, an experimental well was selected in the fracture-cave formation to take functional experiments on the packer. The experimental well results show that the sealing and unsealing functions of the downhole BOP can be realized, with the pressure keep stabilization in sealing processes. After tripping out, the overall component function is normal, and the reliability of downhole BOP is good.

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王果. 适用于裂缝-溶洞型喷漏地层的井下防喷器研究与测试[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(23): 9342-9348.
WANG Guo. Research and Experiment of Downhole Blowout Preventer for Fracture - Cave Formation[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2020,20(23):9342-9348.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-09
  • 最后修改日期:2020-05-08
  • 录用日期:2020-01-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-09-04
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