According to the amplitude and frequency attenuation characteristics of the shock wave, Maxwell, Kelvin-Voigt and standard linear viscoelastic media are used as the vibration wave propagation medium, and the propagation characteristics of the vibration wave in these three media are established. Through experiments, the similarity coefficients between the predicted and measured waveforms of the three models are calculated and compared. It is verified that the descriptive effect of the three models established can be used to describe the propagation characteristics of shallow vibration waves.