Middle Yangtze area, as the important replacement area about shale gas exploration and development in In southern China, is gradually becoming a research hot-spot. however, Have different research levels in different regions and strata. In order to have a preliminary understanding about sedimentary and mineral characteristics of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation organic-rich shale, which research level is low relatively in the Tongdong area ,so provide a guidance for further exploration and evaluation of shale gas in this area. Selected outcrop samples for X-ray diffraction analysis from survey Jieshuiling and jieshuoling profiles. The results showed that the mineral composition of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Tongshan area is complex and diverse, with the highest quartz content, between 31.9%~47.2%, average 42.1%, and clay mineral content between 18.3%~21.9%, average 20.6. %, the calcite content is varies the most in the acid rock minerals, the content is between 1.3% ~ 27.5%, the average value is 15.1%; the average content of feldspar is 12.0%, the main component is plagioclase, the gypsum of microcrystalline mineral is ubiquitous in samples; the main component of clay minerals is illite, with an average content of 63.9%, followed by chlorite and yum mixed layer, only a few kaolinite and no montmorillonite in these samples, it indicates that the sediments in the sedimentary and burial diagenesis are generally in hypoxic reduction climate, and have entered the late diagenetic stage. The brittle mineral content is 62.3%~76.3%, with an average is 69.73%, and the brittleness index is 0.74 ~0.81, with an average is 0.77, the brittleness index has a good correspondence with the brittle mineral content; The mineral composition and content are in good contrast with the surrounding shale gas fields and North American, Weiyuan and Fuling. Refer to the optimal conditions of shale gas reservoirs in North America and Jiaoye 1 well, Conclusion can be reach that the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the study area has the basic geological conditions for the formation and preservation of shale gas reservoirs, It has a good fractureability and has has the potential to exploit in some extent.