“一带一路”重大铁路建设生态与经济影响遥感监测
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X835

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中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项“地球大数据科学工程”(XDA19030304) 中国科学院青年创新促进会(2017089)


Remote Sensing Monitoring of Ecological and Economic Impact of Major Railway Construction in the “Belt and Road”
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Chinese Academy of Sciences Class A Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project "Earth Big Data Science Project" (XDA19030304) Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth Innovation Promotion Association (2017089)

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    摘要:

    “一带一路”提出以来,中国海外建设的重大铁路工程增长迅速,铁路建设在促进经济发展、增强区域互联互通的同时,也对当地的自然生态环境产生一定程度的影响,对铁路建设造成的生态环境和社会经济影响进行监测与分析,可以为“一带一路”工程建设提供科学有效的信息支撑。本文利用多尺度、多源遥感数据,通过遥感和GIS技术,从生态资源占用与损失、生物多样性保护举措、夜间灯光指数等方面,以“一带一路”重大铁路工程本格拉铁路为例,对其沿线区域生态环境状况和社会经济影响进行监测与分析,旨在为今后铁路工程建设生态保护提供科学有效的指导。研究结果表明:(1)本格拉铁路工程建设没有对沿线自然生态环境整体格局造成破坏性扰动,工程建设占用的自然生态资源较小,保护了区域的生物多样性;(2)本格拉铁路建设促进了沿线区域的经济发展,极大地缩短及沿线城市之间的通行时间,实现南部非洲区域铁路的互联互通,极大地降低周边国家的资源运输成本和时间;(3)通过遥感与GIS技术,能够对铁路工程建设自然生态环境和社会经济影响进行快速、定量、客观的监测,对今后铁路工程建设影响研究以及生态保护具有一定的参考意义。

    Abstract:

    Since the introduction of the “Belt and Road”, the major railway projects under construction in China have grown rapidly. While promoting economic development and enhancing regional interconnection, railway construction has also had a certain degree of impact on the local natural ecological environment, resulting in railway construction. The monitoring and analysis of the ecological environment and socio-economic impacts can provide scientific and effective information support for the “Belt and Road” project construction. This paper uses multi-scale and multi-source remote sensing data, through remote sensing and GIS technology, from the aspects of ecological resource occupation and loss, biodiversity conservation measures, night light index, etc., taking the “Belt and Road” major railway project Benguela Railway as an example, It monitors and analyzes the ecological environment and social and economic impacts along the line, and aims to provide scientific and effective guidance for the future ecological protection of railway projects. The results show that: (1) The construction of Benguela railway project does not cause destructive disturbance to the overall pattern of natural ecological environment along the line. The natural ecological resources occupied by the project construction are small, and the biodiversity of the area is protected. (2) Construction of Benguela Railway It promoted economic development along the line, greatly shortened the transit time between cities along the line, realized the interconnection of railways in the southern African region, and greatly reduced the cost and time of resource transportation in neighboring countries; (3) through remote sensing and GIS technology, It can quickly, quantitatively and objectively monitor the natural ecological environment and social and economic impacts of railway engineering construction, and has certain reference significance for the future research and ecological protection of railway engineering construction.

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肖建华,邬明权,周世健,等. “一带一路”重大铁路建设生态与经济影响遥感监测[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(11): 4605-4613.
Xiao Jianhua, Wu Mingquan, Zhou Shijian, et al. Remote Sensing Monitoring of Ecological and Economic Impact of Major Railway Construction in the “Belt and Road”[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2020,20(11):4605-4613.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-27
  • 最后修改日期:2020-01-01
  • 录用日期:2019-11-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-05-29
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