For the impact of underground pressure, the roadway support equipment has poor anti-shock capability and is vulnerable to impact failure. A variable gradient thin-walled cylinder energy-absorbing and anti-shock component for anti-shock bracket is proposed. Design of different wall thickness difference and number of segments of variable gradient thin-walled cylinder energy absorbing members, The impact-crushing simulation of each parameter variable-gradient thin-walled circular tube was carried out, and the relevant energy-absorbing and anti-shock performance parameters were analyzed. The results show that the increase of the number of segments and the difference in thickness of the thin-walled circular pipe members will reduce the initial wall thickness of the thin-walled pipe, and reduce the initial peak force. Under the same average wall thickness, the average supporting reaction force and total energy absorption of the variable gradient thin-walled tubes with different wall thickness differences and number of segments are higher than ordinary thin-walled tubes by 9.3%~178%. In the variable-thickness thin-walled circular tubes with different parameters, the initial peak force, the absorbed energy, the average supporting force and the supporting force fluctuation performance parameters of the variable-gradient thin-walled circular tube members with four sections and thickness difference of 0.5 mm are superior, which is ZQ6000/26/36 two-column single-guide type anti-shock bracket ideal anti-shock energy absorbing member, The design of the variable-gradient thin-walled circular pipe member can change the position and quantity of the plastic hinge formed by the ordinary thin-walled circular pipe member, so that the deformation of the thin-walled member tends to be more stable in the diamond mode and the mixed mode, and the energy absorption and anti-shock ability is improved.