In order to determine the meteorological conditions of air pollution in Shijiazhuang during heating period, the daily monitoring data of air quality and the meteorological observation data during the heating period from 2016 to 2018 in Shijiazhuang were studied. The characteristics of air quality change during the heating period in Shijiazhuang were analyzed. The main meteorological elements which affected the change of environmental data were discussed. The pollution meteorological indexes of PM10, PM2.5 and AQI were screened and determined. The results show that: (i) There is no first-class day during the heating period of Shijiazhuang, and the pollution days are the most which accounting for 69.58%. PM2.5 has the largest number of days as the primary pollutant, then the second is PM2.5. (ii) There is a negative correlation between PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO concentration and temperature, variable pressure, wind speed, mixed layer height, and a positive correlation with relative humidity (except SO2). The correlation between O3 and meteorological elements is opposite to the other five pollutants. (iii) The order of meteorological elements affecting atmospheric environment is as follows: relative humidity > wind speed > mixed layer height > variable pressure > temperature. (iv) The accuracy rate of the three pollution meteorological indexes is 70.37%, 70.37% and 93.24%, respectively.