The characteristics of indoor noise and the basic theory of sound insulation were reviewed. The sound insulation characteristics of different glass products (single-layer glass, insulating glass, laminated composite glass and vacuum glass) and related patent effects were discussed and analyzed in combination with domestic academic research results. Further, from the perspective of material damping characteristics and sound energy, the relationship between material damping and acoustic parameters (sound insulation, sound absorption coefficient and acoustic loss coefficient) was introduced and discussed. Finally, the development of low-medium frequency noise insulation glass was forecasted.